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King Michael’s First Reign
A Modern Reformer
Michael, a member of the Obrenovitch family, became King of Servia and proved to be a wise and progressive leader. He was...
Karageorge Builds a New Servia
After successfully driving out the Turks, Karageorge (Black George) established a liberal monarchy in Servia. He knew that he lacked formal education and experience,...
Understanding the Political Situation in Servia
To understand the current political situation in Servia (now known as Serbia), we need to look back at the country’s history. Servia has long...
Protestant Missionaries in Bulgaria
The Work of Missionaries
Protestant missionaries from the United States have been active in Bulgaria ever since the country gained its independence. The missionary work...
Philippopolis a Historic and Vibrant City
A City Founded by Philip of Macedon
Philippopolis is the second-largest and second-most important city in Bulgaria. It has a long and exciting history. The...
Fruit and Agriculture in Bulgaria
Bountiful Fruits and Vegetables
Bulgaria is known for its plentiful fruits. In the valleys, there are many vineyards that produce excellent wine. The country grows...
The Moat of Constantinople
The moat of Constantinople was one of the most important parts of the city's defense system. In Greek, it was called the Taphros. It...
Smaller Towers on the Outer Wall
The towers along the Outer Wall of Constantinople were much smaller than the towers found on the Inner Wall. These outer towers stood about...
Inside the Towers
Living and Defense Space
The lower part of each tower in Constantinople’s city walls did not play a major role in direct combat. Instead, it...
A Day in the Bazaar
One day, I walk by the bazaar without going in. The next day, I stroll along with a friend. We pass the store, and...